Primary source · Koine Greek (complete in Syriac)

The Apology of Aristides

Aristides the Philosopher, of Athens · c. AD 125

What this text is

A philosopher's brief for the emperor sorting mankind's worship — barbarians, Greeks, Jews, Christians — with the earliest outsider-facing sketch of Christian daily life. Lost until 1889, when the Syriac turned up at Sinai and the Greek was found embedded whole in a medieval novel.

Profile of Aristides of Athens →

Public-domain translations

D. M. Kay (ANF supplement, 1896)

The Christians know God and trust in him… they walk in all humility and kindness, and falsehood is not found among them, and they love one another. He who has gives to him who has not, without grudging; and when they see a stranger they bring him under their roof.

Manuscript witnesses

Sinai Syriac 16 (St Catherine's)

7th c.

The Syriac translation found by Rendel Harris in 1889 — the recovery that restored the lost apology.

COMPLETE VERSION

Barlaam and Joasaph (Greek transmission)

medieval

The Greek survives worked into the monastic novel as a court speech — recognized in 1891.

EMBEDDED GREEK

Armenian fragment (Venice)

10th c. copy

Published by the Mekhitarists in 1878, the first recovered piece.

PARTIAL VERSION

Provenance

Athens, c. AD 125; lost, then recovered three ways in one decade

Editions & scholarship

Critical editions and standard translations behind the text above.

Figures named in this text (1)

Complete public-domain text ↗