Primary source · Koine Greek

Antiquities of the Jews

Flavius Josephus · c. AD 93–94

What this text is

The Jewish historian's twenty-book history, containing the notices of John the Baptist, James the brother of Jesus, and the high priests of the apostolic age — the indispensable external witness to the New Testament world.

Profile of Flavius Josephus →

Public-domain translations

Whiston translation (1737, public domain)

Festus was now dead, and Albinus was but upon the road; so he assembled the sanhedrim of judges, and brought before them the brother of Jesus, who was called Christ, whose name was James, and some others; and when he had formed an accusation against them as breakers of the law, he delivered them to be stoned. (Ant. 20.9.1)

Manuscript witnesses

Codex Ambrosianus F 128 sup. (Milan)

11th c.

Principal Greek witness for the later books, including the James passage and the Baptist notice.

EARLIEST WITNESS (BOOKS 11–20)

Latin version of the Cassiodoran school

6th c.

The Latin Antiquities commissioned at Vivarium — older than any surviving Greek copy.

EARLIEST VERSION

Editio princeps (Basel, Froben)

1544

First printed Greek text, from which all early modern study of Josephus flowed.

PRINTED PROXY

Provenance

Rome; transmitted through Byzantine copies and the Latin of Cassiodorus's circle

Editions & scholarship

Critical editions and standard translations behind the text above.

Figures named in this text (19)

Complete public-domain text ↗