The Apologists · AD 130–180 · External witness

Fronto of Cirta

c. AD 100 – c. 167 · Orator · Tutor of Marcus Aurelius · Accuser of the Christians · Cirta, Numidia → Rome

External witness

Who Fronto of Cirta was

Africa's most celebrated orator and the emperor's beloved tutor — and the source, it appears, of the banquet-slanders against the Christians: the pagan spokesman in Minucius Felix's Octavius cites 'our Cirtan' for the charge.

Also listed in non-christian witnesses.

Common questions

When did Fronto live?

Fronto of Cirta is dated c. AD 100 – c. 167 in the archive, which places Fronto in the Apologists (AD 130–180). The dating is traditional and approximate; the archive marks it as uncertain rather than fixing a year the sources do not give.

Which early sources mention Fronto?

Fronto of Cirta is named in 3 primary-source passages catalogued here, drawn from Aulus Gellius, Minucius Felix (in Caecilius's speech) and Minucius Felix. Every passage is quoted from a named public-domain translation, earliest first.

Where was Fronto from?

The archive associates Fronto of Cirta with Cirta, Numidia, Rome. The sources record more than one location, so the places are listed in the order the record moves through them.

Who were Fronto’s contemporaries?

The archive links Fronto of Cirta to 2 other figures, including Emperor Marcus Aurelius and Minucius Felix. Each connection is drawn from a source that places them together, not from inference.

Primary-source mentions (3)

Every passage below is quoted from a named public-domain translation, earliest first.

Aulus Gellius, Attic Nights II.26 (the orator in his prime)

c. AD 170
[Gellius reports a conversation on the names of colours held at Fronto’s bedside — the fullest picture we have of the orator among his friends.]
Aulus Gellius · Attic Nights II.26

The Noctes Atticae of Aulus Gellius, twenty books of miscellany compiled in Latin c. AD 170, in which Fronto appears as a living interlocutor. Standard text with facing translation: John C. Rolfe, Loeb Classical Library, three volumes (1927), public domain.

Octavius 9

c. AD 200
And of their banqueting it is well known everywhere what is spoken of — as the speech of our Cirtan testifies.
Minucius Felix (in Caecilius's speech) · 9 · source text

Octavius 31 (the rebuttal: 'as an orator, he poured forth reproach')

c. AD 230
Minucius Felix · Octavius 31 · source text

Connected in the archive

People

Events in this lifetime

Place

Places served

The 3 places the sources put Fronto, in the order the record moves through them. This is what the sources attest, not a reconstructed route.

  1. 1Cirta
  2. 2Numidiaprovince only
  3. 3Rome

See these places on the atlas →