The Nicene Age · AD 313–400

Eunomius of Cyzicus

c. 335 – c. 393 · Bishop of Cyzicus · Anomoian heresiarch · Cappadocia → Cyzicus

The Nicene Age

Who Eunomius of Cyzicus was

Pupil and secretary of Aetius, and the systematic theologian of radical Arianism, who taught that the divine essence is fully comprehensible and consists in being “unbegotten,” so that the begotten Son must be of a different and lesser essence — the extreme against which the Cappadocians defined their theology of divine incomprehensibility. Bishop of Cyzicus, he was answered at length by Basil (Against Eunomius) and Gregory of Nyssa, whose refutations are among the summits of Greek theology. Repeatedly exiled by Theodosius, his books ordered burned, he is the adversary who forced the mature articulation of the doctrine of the unknowable God.

Also listed in bishops beyond the great sees and heretics & schismatics.

Common questions

When did Eunomius live?

Eunomius of Cyzicus is dated c. 335 – c. 393 in the archive, which places Eunomius in the Nicene Age (AD 313–400). The dating is traditional and approximate; the archive marks it as uncertain rather than fixing a year the sources do not give.

What did Eunomius write?

Eunomius of Cyzicus has 1 catalogued writing in the archive: The Apology (with the Confession of 383).

Which early sources mention Eunomius?

Eunomius of Cyzicus is named in 4 primary-source passages catalogued here, drawn from Basil the Great, Gregory of Nyssa, Philostorgius and Socrates Scholasticus. Every passage is quoted from a named public-domain translation, earliest first.

Where was Eunomius from?

The archive associates Eunomius of Cyzicus with Cappadocia, Cyzicus. The sources record more than one location, so the places are listed in the order the record moves through them.

Writings (1)

The Apology (with the Confession of 383)

The heresiarch's system in his own words, preserved inside its refutations against imperial book-burning edicts
The name 'Ingenerate' is not honorific but the very essence.

Earliest witness · Preserved with and inside the Cappadocian rebuttals (10th c. onward (medieval Greek copies))

Read the interlinear source text →

Primary-source mentions (4)

Every passage below is quoted from a named public-domain translation, earliest first.

Against Eunomius I (Basil)

c. AD 375
He says that he knows God’s very essence, and knows it as well as he knows himself. But what arrogance, to claim to have compassed by a word the nature which passes all understanding!
Basil the Great · source text

Gregory of Nyssa, Against Eunomius I (the Cappadocian counter-blast)

c. AD 380
[Gregory answers Eunomius’s Apology for the Apology point by point, quoting it as he goes — much of what survives of Eunomius is in these books.]
Gregory of Nyssa · Against Eunomius I

Gregory of Nyssa's Contra Eunomium, written c. AD 380–383 against Eunomius of Cyzicus and addressed in its preface to his brother Peter of Sebaste. Greek: Werner Jaeger, Gregorii Nysseni Opera 1–2 (1960). English translation by William Moore and Henry Austin Wilson, Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, 2nd series, vol. 5 (1893), public domain.

Church History X.6 (the Eunomian historian's own hero)

c. AD 430
Philostorgius · Church History X.6 · source text

Ecclesiastical History IV.7 (the syllogism-maker of Cyzicus)

c. AD 440
Socrates Scholasticus · Ecclesiastical History IV.7 · source text

Connected in the archive

People

Events in this lifetime

Place

Places served

The one place the sources put Eunomius.

  1. 1Cappadociaprovince only

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